Using respectful and inclusive language when talking about disabilities is crucial for promoting understanding and dignity. Here are some key points to consider:
Person-First and Identity First Language
Person-first language emphasizes the individual before the disability. For example, “person with a disability,” “person who uses a wheelchair,” or “person with autism.” The intention with person-first language is to recognize the person as more than their disability. This is the method of communication used if you do not know how the person refers to themselves.
Identity-first language places the disability-related term first, often to express pride in one’s identity and to challenge the notion that disabilities are inherently negative. For example, “disabled person,” “autistic person,” or “neurodiverse person.” Many in the disability community prefer this language as it can affirm their identity and community.
Specific Community Preferences
Different disability communities may have unique preferences. For instance,
- Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Many prefer “Deaf” with a capital “D” to signify cultural identity, while “hard of hearing” is often used for those with partial hearing loss.
- Autistic Community: Some prefer “autistic person” to emphasize their identity as a part of the neurodiversity community.
Avoid Euphemisms
Euphemisms like “differently-abled,” “special needs,” or “handi-capable” can be seen as patronizing or minimizing the real challenges and experiences of people with disabilities. These terms often imply that disability is something to be ashamed of or avoided, which can reinforce negative stereotypes.
Using clear and direct language helps to acknowledge and respect the person’s identity and experiences. For example, saying “disabled person” or “person with a disability” is a straightforward and avoids the condescension that euphemisms can carry.
Ableist Language
Ableist language refers to words and phrases that devalue people with disabilities, often perpetuating harmful stereotypes and reinforcing the notion that disabilities are inherently negative or abnormal. For example, terms like “crazy” or “insane” can stigmatize mental health conditions, making it harder for people to seek help and understanding. Phrases like “lame” or “dumb” not only insult but also perpetuate the idea that disabilities are undesirable traits.
Disability Language Resources