AI Literacies Framework

Artificial intelligence, especially generative AI, is reshaping how we work, learn, and communicate. These tools can feel like “black box” magic, but they are grounded in human knowledge and shaped by human decisions and biases. Developing AI literacy is not just about learning to use these tools. It is about applying a critical lens to engage with them thoughtfully and responsibly.

The NIU AI Literacies Framework, developed by a university task force and inspired in part by the Barnard College model, provides a flexible and evolving path for learning. It is designed for a general audience and supports users as they build awareness, apply AI tools, critically assess their impact, and explore creative possibilities. Users do not need to master one level before moving to another. The framework supports learners at any point in their journey.

Aligned with NIU’s vision and values, the NIU AI Literacies Framework serves as both a foundation and a guide. It offers a structured yet adaptable approach to AI literacy that encourages curiosity, responsible use, and ethical reflection. Its goal is to prepare individuals not just to use AI, but to shape its role in society.

This initiative also emphasizes the human aspect of AI. As technologies continue to advance, our commitment to ethical knowledge generation remains essential. Principles such as fairness, accountability, and transparency must guide our engagement. This framework supports individual’s development of critical thinking skills in addition to the skills needed to navigate the evolving AI landscape with intention and integrity.

Level Competencies
Level 1 - Knowledge
  • Define key concepts and terms related to artificial intelligence, such as "artificial intelligence," "machine learning," "large language model," and "neural network".
  • Recognize the benefits and limitations of AI tools, including applications in daily life and ethical considerations, such as privacy and data security.
  • Identify and explain the differences between various types of AI, as defined by their capabilities and computational mechanisms.
Level 2 - Use
  • Successfully utilize generative AI tools for desired outputs.
  • Use AI tools in ways that take the important roles of humans into account (e.g., building upon, strengthening, enhancing and extending human skills and capacities, and freeing up humans to focus on the bigger picture).
  • Experiment with prompting techniques and iterate on prompt language to improve AI-generated output.
  • Critically review AI-generated content with an eye toward potential “hallucinations,” incorrect reasoning, and bias.
Level 3 - Critical Analysis
  • Integrate AI concepts with knowledge from specific fields of study or professional interests.
  • Examine the potential environmental, human, and societal impacts of AI.
  • Critique AI tools and offer arguments in support of or against their creation, use, and application.
  • Analyze ethical considerations in the development and use of AI, including issues of fairness, accountability, and transparency.
Level 4 - Creation
  • Synthesize learning to conceptualize or create new ideas, technologies, or structures that relate to AI. Reaching this level could include the following:
    • Conceive of novel uses for AI.
    • Build software that leverages AI tech.
    • Propose and explore theories related to AI and its future potential.

Creative Commons License

This framework is shared under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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