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“Epistemological Empiricism,” in New Perspectives on Naturalism and the A Priori,” eds. M. Shaffer and M. Veber, Open Court, forthcoming.
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“The Case for Indirect Realism,” in The Case for Qualia, ed. E. Wright, MIT Press, forthcoming.
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“Comment on Ted Honderich’s Radical Externalism,” Journal of Consciousness Studies 13, 2006, pp. 14-27. (This issue also published as Radical Externalism: Honderich’s theory of consciousness discussed, ed. Anthony Freeman, Exeter UK: Imprint Academic, 2006.)
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“Incommensurability and Reality,” in Incommensurability and Related Matters eds. P. Hoyningen-Huene and H. Sankey, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001, pp. 123-142.
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"The Role of Judgment in Science," in A Companion to the Philosophy of Science," ed. W. H. Newton-Smith, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000, pp. 194-202.
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"Circular Justifications," in PSA 1994 vol. 1, eds. D. Hull, M. Forbes and R. M. Burian, East Lansing: The Philosophy of Science Association, 1994, pp. 406-414.
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"Reason, Judgment, and Bayes' Law," Philosophy of Science 64, 1994: 351-369.
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"Judgment and Reason: Responses to Healy and Reiner and Beyond," Electronic Journal of Analytic Philosophy 2:5, 1994.
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"Response to Matheson's review of Rationality," Social Epistemology 6, 1992: 45-55.
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"Cherniak on Scientific Realism," British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 41, 1990: 415-27.
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"Toward a Cognitive Psychology of What?" Comments on "Towards a Cognitive Psychology of Science," by B. Gholson and A. Houts, Social Epistemology 3, 1989: 129-137.
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Comments on J. Margolis' "In Defense of Relativism," Social Epistemology 2, 1988: 232-235.
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"Naturalizing Observation," in The Process of Science, Nancy J. Nersessian, ed., The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987, pp. 179-193.
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Laudan, L. et al., "Scientific Change: Philosophical Models and Historical Research," Synthese 69, 1986: 141-223.
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"Creationism and the Nature of Science," Creation/Evolution 18, 1986: 15-25.
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"How to Revive Empiricism," Diogenes 126, 1984: 52-70.
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"Assimilation and Discovery," New Ideas in Psychology 1, 1983: 89-97.
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"Response to Siegel," Synthese 56, 1983: 91-105.
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"Being Rational," Philosophy of Science 50, 1983: 323-325.
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"Self-Reference in Logic and Mulligan Stew," Diogenes 118, 1982: 121-142.
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"The Paradigm Paradigm and Related Notions," Diogenes 112, 1980: 111-136.
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"Observation and the Foundations of Objectivity," The Monist 62, 1979: 470-481.
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"A Functional Analysis of Scientific Theories," Zeitschrift für allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 10, 1979: 119-140.
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"Need There Be a Problem of Induction?" Canadian Journal of Philosophy 8, 1978: 521-532.
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"On Being Rational," American Philosophical Quarterly 15, 1978: 241-248.
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"For a Modest Historicism," The Monist 60, 1977: 540-555.
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"Objective Knowledge in Science and the Humanities," Diogenes 97, 1977: 85-102.
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"Reduction and Scientific Revolutions," Erkenntnis 10, 1976: 381-385.
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"Problem Changes in Science and Philosophy," Metaphilosophy 6, 1975: 177-192.
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"Paradigmatic Propositions," American Philosophical Quarterly 12, 1975: 85-90.
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"Idealism, Empiricism and Materialism," The New Scholasticism 47, 1973: 311-323.
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"Harris on the Logic of Science," Dialectica 26, 1972: 227-246.
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"Perception and Meaning," Studies in the Philosophy of Mind, American Philosophical Quarterly Monograph 6, 1972, pp. 1-9.
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"Notes to the Tortoise," The Personalist 53, 1972: 104-109.
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“Interpretation and Constraint in the Development of Science,” Symposium on Hermeneutics and Scientific Theory Choice, American Philosophical Association Eastern Division, Baltimore, December 27, 2007.
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“Incommensurability and Reality,” Conference on Incommensurability (and related matters), University of Hanover, Hanover, Germany, June 15, 1999.
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“Berkeley On the Conceivability of Qualities and Material Objects,” Roundtable on Modern Philosophy, Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, Boston, MA August 18, 1998.
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“Conceptual Comparison and Conceptual Innovation,” International Congress on Creativity and Discovery,” University of Ghent, Belgium, May 14, 1998.
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“Rationality and Scientific Revolutions According to Kuhn," presented at the Faculty Study Group on The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Hope College, Holland, MI, September 21, 1996.
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"The Methodological Roles of Theory in Science," Symposium on The Scientific Basis of Geomorphology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL September 28, 1996.
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"Circular Justifications," Philosophy of Science Association, New Orleans, October 15, 1994.
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"Two Versions of Empiricism," Department of Geography, University of Illinois, Feb. 4, 1993.
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With C. A Hooker, "Beyond Formalism: Reason as Judgment and the Improvement of Judgment, Conference on Non-Formal Foundations of Reason, Newcastle University, Australia, August 1-6, 1993.
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"Observational Testing," Philosophy Department, York University, Ontario, Canada, January 5, 1993.
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"Concepts," Department of Philosophy, Adelaide University, Australia, May 8, 1992.
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"Observation and Theory," Department of Philosophy, University of Flinders, Adelaide, Australia, May 7, 1992.
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"Observation Reexamined," Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Melbourne, Australia, May 5, 1992.
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"Direct Realism, Indirect Realism and Epistemology," Department of Philosophy, Research School of Social Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, April 30, 1992.
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"Direct Realism, Indirect Realism and Epistemology," Department of Traditional and Modern Philosophy," University of Sydney, Australia, March, 30, 1992.
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"Concepts," School of Philosophy, University of New South Wales, Australia, March 20, 1992.
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"Concepts," Department of Philosophy, Newcastle University, Australia, March 12, 1992.
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"Observational Evidence," 9th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, Uppsala, Sweden, August 8, 1991.
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Comments on Neil Thomason, "Feyerabend's Galileo as a Closet Bayseian," American Philosophical Association Central Division Meeting, Chicago, IL, April 26, 1991.
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Comments on Laurence Goldstein, "Pierre, Wittgenstein and Meaning," American Philosophical Association Eastern Division Meeting, Boston, MA, December 29, 1990.
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Comments on Robert Levy, "Background Knowledge and the Problem of Old Evidence," Joint meeting of Central States Philosophical Association and Illinois Philosophical Association, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL, November 9, 1990.
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"Rationality Reconsidered," Ohio Wesleyan University, September 26, 1988, sponsored by The Council for Philosophical Studies.
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Comments on Steve Fuller, "On the Rationality of Presumption," Meeting of the Association for Informal Logic and Critical Thinking, San Francisco, March 27, 1987.
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"Observation, Instruments and Objectivity," Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Science and Technology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, February 6, 1987.
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"Science and Other Endeavors," Symposium on the Religion/Science Controversy, Purdue University North Central, Westville, Indiana, October 5, 1985.
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"Observing the Universe," Conference on the Uses of Experiment, University of Bath, Aug. 30-Sept. 2, 1985.
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"Sellars, Concepts and Conceptual Change," Philosophy Forum, Great Expectations Bookstore, Evanston, IL, March 13, 1984.
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Discussant for section on Epistemology, Methodology, and Interactionism, Spring Symposium of the Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, March 5-7, 1984.
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"Changing Perceptions of Science," Wingspread Conference on the Wisconsin Model for Future Directions in Science Education, The Johnson Foundation, Racine, WI, Oct. 6-8, 1982.
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"Creationism and the Nature of Science." Symposium on Scientific Creationism, Evolution & Science Education, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, April 17, 1982.
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"How to Revive Empiricism," Symposium: Is Empiricism Dead? California State University, Fullerton, March 3-5, 1982.
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"Remarks on Science and Creationism." Symposium on Evolution and Creation, Illinois Valley Community College, Peru, IL, Oct. 8, 1981.
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Comment on Everett Mendelshon, "Truth and Interests in Science," World Council of Churches Midwest Consultation on Faith, Science and Society, Lutheran School of Theology, Chicago, IL April 24-26, 1981.
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"Perception as the Interface Between Theory and Practice," Symposium on Theory and Practice, Minneapolis College of Art and Design, March 25, 1981.
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"The Paradigm Paradigm and Related Notions." Workshop on Scientific Change, University of Pittsburgh, Center for the Philosophy of Science, May 25-30, 1980.
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"The Paradigm Paradigm and Related Notions." Department of Philosophy, Iowa State University, Oct. 31, 1980.
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Comments on P. K. Feyerabend, "Towards a Realistic Appraisal of Science," and C. A. Hooker, "The Integration of the Sciences and the Humanities from an Evolutionary, Naturalist, Realist Viewpoint." Conference on Epistemological Relations Between the Sciences and the Humanities, Miami University, Oxford, OH, April 8-10, 1976.
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"Need There Be a Problem of Induction?" Illinois Philosophy Association, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, Nov. 7-8, 1975.
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"Primary and Secondary Qualities in Quantum Mechanics." Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, London, Ontario, Canada, August 27-Sept. 2, 1975.